Wright Johnson Bowers, 1798–1859 (aged 61 years)

Name
Wright Johnson /Bowers/
Citation details: Wright J Bowers, 1 Mar 1843, Washington land office, Hempstead County; accession AR1180__.028, document 2455. Ancestry, https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1246/records/1938118
Note: Named Wright J. Bowers on his 1843 land patent, W. J. Bowers on his 1858 petition, and Johnson Bowers in Arkansas records, 1825-1853.
Birth
about 1798
North Carolina, United States
Citation details: 1850 census, Franklin Township, Sevier, Arkansas; Roll: 30; page 195a (stamped 389); dwelling and family 116; Johnson Bowers, 52. FamilySearch, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M674-SMQ
Note: Born about 1798 in North Carolina, by the 1850 census (age 52).

Born about 1798 in North Carolina, by the 1850 census (age 52).

  • 1840 census: the only man in his household is 30 to 40 (born 1800-1810)
Residence
about 1820
Williams Settlement, Miller County, Arkansas Territory, United States
Note: Lived east of the Kiamichi and north of the Red River.
Petition
1825
Miller County, Arkansas Territory, United States
Citation details: PETITION TO THE PRESIDENT BY CITIZENS OF MILLER COUNTY 1825 To the President of the United States The Petition of the undersigned Inhabitants of that Part of Miller County, in the Territory of Arkansas, ceded and confirmed to the Choctaw Nation of Indians, by Treaty made with them at Washington City, in the present Year (1825). Respectfully Sheweth.ÔÇö That the tract of Country upon which Your Petitioners reside, was acquired by the United States from the Quapaw Nation of Indians, by Treaty made with them about the Year 1818.5ÔÇöBy which said Treaty, the said tract of Coy became a part of the public Lands of the United States. And that the Legislature of the Territory of Missouri (within which the said tract of country was then situated) included the said tract of Country upon which Your Petitioners now reside, wthin the Civil Jurisdiction of Hempstead County of that Territory, by an Act of the Legislature thereof (which has since been divided and Miller County erected out of the Western part of said County of Hempstead). That about the Year 1819, a part of the same public Lands upon which Your Petitioners now reside, were under the Authority of the United States surveyed into Townships, and subdivided into sections, as far as Ranges 38 or 39 West, and within about eight miles of the present western boundary of Arkansas Territory, as established by Act of Congress, and lately surveyed and marked. That on the 5th January 1819. (see accompanying document) by Authority of an order from the Secretary of War, a few Settlers that were on Red River above Kia-Miche, and on the Arkansas above the Poto, were removed below, and East of those Rivers, to where no prohibition to settling then, or since, existed, and within a few Miles of which point (Kia-Miche on Red River) the public Lands were about that time, or soon afterwards, surveyed into sections, as if to facilitate Settlers in acquiring titles to the Lands they choose to settle, in the usual way provided for by law. That under these encouragements by the Authorities of the Government, there was an immediate and considerable Increase of the settlements at and below Kia Miche, on Red River, upon and near the lands surveyed into sections as aforesaid, most of whch settlements were made with a view to being permanent, and improvements large and valuable. That Your Petitioners became greatly alarmed by a Treaty made with said Choctaw Nation of Indians at Dokes stand, about the year 1820, by which the county upon which Your Petitioners reside (together with other large extents of adjoining Territory) was then ceded to said Indians, ÔÇö But were soon afterwards reconciled by assurances from the President of the United States, received by James Millerovernor of Arkansas, that it was not the view or intention of the General Government, to remove any of the Settlers from the Lands then ceded to said Indians and that the then settled parts of said country so ceded to said Indians would be repurcased from them, which assurances have been by the Delegate in Congress from said Territory, frequently since that time renewed. And under which assurances, Your Petitioners became satisfied, and have continued enlarging their farms and improvements. Your Petitioners further respectfully represent, that from the time of their first settlement where they now reside, Civil Government, and Civil Jurisdiction has been extended to them, and Courts of Law established and held, within the tract of Contry lately ceded and confirmed to said Choctaw Indians by the aforesaid Treaty of the present year (1825) and that under the authority of an Act of Congress (passed in 1824) granting rights of preemption for lands on which to establish permanent seats of Justice of New Counties, a quarter section of land had been selected by the proper commissioners of said County of Miller, and part of the public buildings contracted for. Under which assurances of protection and Civil Government a large number of Settlers (see accompanying Document) have continued to improve enlarge their improvements, plant Orchards, and increase their Stocks, up to the present time, and that now to abandon their plantations, and remove their families and property, is to them ruinous and impossible. Your Petitioners are aware, that the General Government have heretofore remove from Indians lands, Citizens of the United States, who settled upon lands owned at the time of such settlements by Indians, Where the settlement at at the beginning were upon Indian lands, but Your present Petitioners respectfully deny having settled upon Indian lands: They settled upon the public lands of the United States, where settlements were not prohibited by any order of the Government, where part of the public lands were surveyed into sections (a thing never done for Indian purposes) ad where, after the same country was first ceded to the Choctaws, the people have had assurances from the highest Authority, that the settled parts of said Country should be repurchased, and Your Petitioners afforded an opportunity of acquiring titles to their possessions, in the way that the Settlers upon the public lands have usully done, in Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Alabama etc. Yet notwithstanding all the foregoing circumstances and assurances, Your Petitioners are now informed, that the lands they now occupy, are ceded and confirmed to said Choctaw Indians, and that Your Petitioners are shortly to be removed from their farms, without payment or recompense for their improvements, to give Place to Indians !! An Act that wold have no example in any civilized Government, under the same circumstances which these settlements were made. An improved Country of Citizens where they have had the protection of Civil Laws and Civil Government for more than six successive Year, to be ceded by their Government to a Nation of Indians, has, it is believed, No examples. These settlements, not having been commenced upon the lands of the Choctaw Indians, but upon the public Lands of the United States, then surveying for market, still claim the same protection of the same laws and Government, under the faith of which they commenced their settlements. To be forced and driven by our own Government from the farms and improvements we have labored for years to make, for the support of our families, in order to give place to Indians, would under all the circumstances and assurances before mentioned, appear so unjust and unprecedented, and to the Setlers so ruinous, that its enforcement would produce the greatest possible excitement. Your Petitioners therefore respectfully ask of Your Excellency to suspend the survey of the eastern boundary of Territory, lately ceded to said Choctaw Indians, and to suspend the time of giving said Indians possession of said Territory, and cause to be re-purchased from them, the parts of said Territory settled and improved by Citizens of the United States, as aforesaid East of the Kia-Miche on Red River, and of the Poto on Arkansas, where settlements by Citizens has never been prohibited, but approbated and encouraged as before mentioned. As Your Petitioners in duty bound will ever pray Petitioner Names Johnson Bowers
Note: Signed the 1825 petition of the settlers in the part of Miller County ceded to the Choctaw Nation by the treaty of that year, asking the President to stop their removal and to buy back the settled land.

Signed the 1825 petition of the settlers in the part of Miller County ceded to the Choctaw Nation by the treaty of that year, asking the President to stop their removal and to buy back the settled land.

  • The petitioners said they had settled on public land surveyed about 1819, east of the Kiamichi on Red River, under the civil government of Hempstead and then Miller County, and that removal would be "ruinous and impossible"
Residence
from 1826 to 1835
Hempstead County, Arkansas, United States
Citation details: Petition of W. J. Bowers to the Commissioner of Claims, Falls County, 18 Aug 1858, file 000827
Note: Moved from the ceded part of Miller County to Hempstead County, Arkansas, after the governor's proclamation removing settlers, and lived there until 1835, by his own petition of 1858.

Moved from the ceded part of Miller County to Hempstead County, Arkansas, after the governor's proclamation removing settlers, and lived there until 1835, by his own petition of 1858.

  • 4 Feb 1830: of Hempstead County when he bought the personal property of Polly Wilson
Delinquent tax list
July 24, 1827
Miller County, Arkansas Territory, United States
Citation details: 24 Jul 1827, p. 3
Note: Listed in the Arkansas Gazette of 24 Jul 1827 as owing 50 cents in Miller County taxes for 1826.
Residence
1828
Hempstead County, Arkansas, United States
Note: Tax List
Marriage
February 4, 1830 (aged 32 years)
Hempstead County, Arkansas, United States
Citation details: Johnson Bowers and Polly Wilson, 4 Feb 1830, Hempstead County, p. 155. FamilySearch, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NM1G-9PT
Citation details: Polly Wilson to Johnson Bowers, bill of sale, 4 Feb 1830, Record Book B, pp. 329-330; image group 007713624, image 390. FamilySearch, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B7-P485-4
Note: Johnson Bowers married Polly Wilson in Hempstead County, Arkansas Territory, on 4 Feb 1830.

Johnson Bowers married Polly Wilson in Hempstead County, Arkansas Territory, on 4 Feb 1830.

  • Marriage record, Hempstead County, p. 155: Johnson Bowers and Polly Wilson, 4 Feb 1830
  • The same day Polly Wilson of Hempstead County sold Johnson Bowers all her personal property, three horses, about thirty cattle and her household and kitchen furniture, for $300; witness Samuel D. Slaughter; acknowledged 5 Feb 1830 before Allen M. Oakley, justice of the peace, Ozan Township; recorded in Record Book B, pp. 329-330
Property
Personal Property
February 4, 1830
Hempstead, Arkansas, USA
Military commission
May 9, 1831
Little Rock, Pulaski County, Arkansas Territory, United States
Note: Commissioned first lieutenant of the Hempstead County regiment of the Arkansas territorial militia, by commission signed by W. S. Fulton, acting governor, at Little Rock on 9 May 1831.

Commissioned first lieutenant of the Hempstead County regiment of the Arkansas territorial militia, by commission signed by W. S. Fulton, acting governor, at Little Rock on 9 May 1831.

  • 2 Jan 1897: W. J. Peil, notary at Hockley, Texas, wrote that he held the commission, for the widow of Elias Roberts, whose first husband was Johnson Bowers
Property
June 18, 1836
Hempstead County, Arkansas, United States
Citation details: Bureau of Land Management, General Land Office Records; Washington D.C., USA; Federal Land Patents, State Volumes
Note: 160 acres
Lawsuit
October 1837
Hempstead County, Arkansas, United States
Citation details: Edward Johnson Jr. and William S. Johnson v. Johnson Bowers, debt by attachment, October term 1837, p. 131; image group 008624762, image 88. FamilySearch, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C34Y-J97Y-3
Note: Sued for debt by attachment by Edward Johnson Jr. and William S. Johnson in the Hempstead County circuit court, October term 1837.

Sued for debt by attachment by Edward Johnson Jr. and William S. Johnson in the Hempstead County circuit court, October term 1837.

  • The plaintiffs had attached his property for $148 through Robert D. Gibson, justice of the peace
  • He had not appeared or given special bail; the court ordered that unless he did so by the third day of the next term, judgment would be entered and his estate sold, and that the order be published in the Arkansas Times and Advocate
  • The constable was ordered to sell the perishable property in his hands
Birth of a son
between 1831 and 1839
Birth of a son
between 1831 and 1839
Residence
from 1835 to 1840
Red River County, Texas, United States
Citation details: Petition of W. J. Bowers to the Commissioner of Claims, Falls County, 18 Aug 1858, file 000827
Note: Moved with his wife and several children to Red River County, Texas, in 1835 and made it his home until 1840, by his petition of 1858.
Birth of a daughter
1838
Red River County, Texas, USA
Residence
1839
Hempstead County, Arkansas, United States
Census
June 1, 1840 (aged 42 years)
Saline Township, Hempstead County, Arkansas, United States
Citation details: Year: 1840; Census Place: Saline, Hempstead, Arkansas; Roll: 18; Page: 169; Family History Library Film: 0002474. FamilySearch, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XHBX-D32
Note: Johnson Bowers, head of a household of five in Saline Township, Hempstead County, page 169.

Johnson Bowers, head of a household of five in Saline Township, Hempstead County, page 169.

  • Free white males: two 5-10, one 30-40
  • Free white females: one under 5, one 20-30
  • Neighbours: John Ward and Elizabeth Ward
Birth of a son
1842
Arkansas
Citation details: The National Archives in Washington D.C.; Record Group: Records of the Bureau of the Census; Record Group Number: 29; Series Number: M653; Residence Date: 1860; Home in 1860: Falls, Texas; Roll: M653_1293; Page: 147; Family History Library Film: 85293
Citation details: Year: 1910; Census Place: Brown, Clay, Arkansas; Roll: T624_46; Page: 1a; Enumeration District: 0003; FHL microfilm: 1374059
Citation details: The National Archives in Washington D.C.; Record Group: Records of the Bureau of the Census; Record Group Number: 29; Series Number: M432; Residence Date: 1850; Home in 1850: Franklin, Sevier, Arkansas; Roll: 30; Page: 195a
Property
Federal land patent
March 1, 1843
Hempstead County, Arkansas, United States
Citation details: Wright J Bowers, 1 Mar 1843, Washington land office, Hempstead County; 5th PM, T13S R27W, sec. 13; accession AR1180__.028, document 2455. Ancestry, https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1246/records/1938118
Note: Patent to Wright J. Bowers for land in section 13, township 13 south, range 27 west, 5th principal meridian, from the Washington land office, 1 Mar 1843.

Patent to Wright J. Bowers for land in section 13, township 13 south, range 27 west, 5th principal meridian, from the Washington land office, 1 Mar 1843.

  • Accession AR1180__.028, document 2455
Marriage
about 1850 (aged 52 years)
Note: Johnson Bowers and Lavinia were one household in Sevier County, Arkansas, in October 1850; no marriage record found.

Johnson Bowers and Lavinia were one household in Sevier County, Arkansas, in October 1850; no marriage record found.

  • 1850 census: Johnson Bowers, 52, born North Carolina, and Lavinia, 24, born Arkansas
  • 18 Nov 1896: W. J. Peil gave her former married name as Mulvina Bowers; 2 Jan 1897: her first husband was Johnson Bowers, whose death no living person could prove
Census
June 1, 1850 (aged 52 years)
Franklin Township, Sevier County, Arkansas, United States
Citation details: 1850 census, Franklin Township, Sevier, Arkansas (indexed as Franklin County); Roll: 30; page 195a (stamped 389); dwelling and family 116; Johnson Bowers, 52. FamilySearch, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M674-SMQ
Note: Johnson Bowers, 52, farmer, real estate $300, born North Carolina, Franklin Township, Sevier County, enumerated 16 Oct 1850.

Johnson Bowers, 52, farmer, real estate $300, born North Carolina, Franklin Township, Sevier County, enumerated 16 Oct 1850.

  • Dwelling and family 116, page 195 (stamped 389)
  • Household: Lavinia, 24, born Arkansas, marked as unable to read and write; Jinsey, 12, born Texas; George, 8, born Arkansas, at school
Property
September 13, 1852
Hempstead County, Arkansas, United States
Citation details: Johnson Bowers and wife Levinia to John E. George, 13 Sep 1852, recorded 13 Jul 1853; image group 007713628, image 395. FamilySearch, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B7-Y343-Z
Note: Sold to John E. George of Spalding County, Georgia, for $200, forty acres in the NW¼ of the SW¼ of section 22, "the place I now live on", in range 27 west, Hempstead County.

Sold to John E. George of Spalding County, Georgia, for $200, forty acres in the NW¼ of the SW¼ of section 22, "the place I now live on", in range 27 west, Hempstead County.

  • His wife Levinia Bowers relinquished her dower; both signed by mark
  • Witnesses Thomas Clement and D. C. Reid, justice of the peace; recorded 13 Jul 1853
Inheritance
January 25, 1853
Sevier County, Arkansas, United States
Citation details: Johnson Bowers to James Wright Sr., 25 Jan 1853, pp. 113-114; image group 008562587, images 340-341. FamilySearch, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C3QP-3NFC; https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C3QP-3VMF
Note: As "one of the heirs and legatees of the Estate of Jesse Ward deceased late of Sevier County", sold for $5 to James Wright Sr. his undivided share in the W½ of the SE¼ of section 36, township 10 south, range 30 west, 80 acres.

As "one of the heirs and legatees of the Estate of Jesse Ward deceased late of Sevier County", sold for $5 to James Wright Sr. his undivided share in the W½ of the SE¼ of section 36, township 10 south, range 30 west, 80 acres.

  • Acknowledged before Charles Pettigrew, justice of the peace, 25 Jan 1853; filed 15 Mar 1853 and recorded 6 Apr 1853
  • Hester Ward of Lafayette County sold her share of the same tract to James Wright as another heir
Property
1856
Sevier County, Arkansas, United States
Note: N½ NW¼ Sec. 35, T12S R28W, now in Little River County, Arkansas.
Court of Claims petition
August 18, 1858
Falls County, Texas, United States
Citation details: Petition of W. J. Bowers to the Commissioner of Claims, Falls County, 18 Aug 1858, file 000827
Note: Petitioned the Texas Commissioner of Claims, as a citizen of Falls County, for the rest of the headright due him as a citizen of Texas at the Declaration of Independence.

Petitioned the Texas Commissioner of Claims, as a citizen of Falls County, for the rest of the headright due him as a citizen of Texas at the Declaration of Independence.

  • He had settled in what became Red River County and left on the proclamation of Governor Pope of Arkansas; lived in Arkansas until 1835, then in Red River County with his wife and several children until 1840
  • He had employed John H. Fowler of Lamar County to obtain and locate his headright and learned on 4 Apr 1854, from C. K. Holman, that he had not received the full quantity
  • Described himself as "an uneducated frontier man"; referred to his affidavit before John H. Pierson, notary of Falls County
  • Witnesses named: Samuel Wilson, J. M. Rice of Titus County, J. C. Pool of Falls County, Benjamin Groce of Williamson County, John Robbins and James Ward of Red River County, John H. Fowler and George Wright of Lamar County, and Andrew Montgomery of Grimes County
Death
September 1859 (aged 61 years)
Falls County, Texas, United States
Citation details: Petition of W. J. Bowers to the Commissioner of Claims, Falls County, 18 Aug 1858, file 000827
Note: Alive at his petition of 18 Aug 1858 in Falls County; dead before 25 Apr 1860, when his widow, as Malvina Bowers, was licensed to marry Elias Roberts in Falls County.

Alive at his petition of 18 Aug 1858 in Falls County; dead before 25 Apr 1860, when his widow, as Malvina Bowers, was licensed to marry Elias Roberts in Falls County.

  • 2 Jan 1897: W. J. Peil wrote that everyone who might have known the date of his death was dead
Research log
Note: Grade B: the 1840 and 1850 censuses, the 1843 patent, the Hempstead and Sevier County deeds, the 1837 suit, the 1831 commission and the 1858 petition cite record-level sources; birth rests on the 1850 census and the death date is unsourced.

Grade B: the 1840 and 1850 censuses, the 1843 patent, the Hempstead and Sevier County deeds, the 1837 suit, the 1831 commission and the 1858 petition cite record-level sources; birth rests on the 1850 census and the death date is unsourced.

Added

  • 1840 census tally (Saline Township, Hempstead County) and 1850 census household (Franklin Township, Sevier County)
  • Land patent of Wright J. Bowers, 1 Mar 1843, T13S R27W sec. 13 (BLM index on Ancestry)
  • Hempstead County: Polly Wilson's bill of sale to him, 4 Feb 1830 (on the marriage, F519); the 1837 debt suit; his 1852 sale of 40 acres with his wife Levinia
  • Sevier County: his 1853 sale of his share as an heir of Jesse Ward
  • His 1831 militia commission, held in 1897 by W. J. Peil (Elias Roberts pension file)
  • New sources X541 (Hempstead County deeds), X542 (Hempstead County circuit court) and X543 (Sevier County deeds), citing the FamilySearch images

Changed

  • Event-Misc 1825 (Miller County petition) retyped as a petition; Event-Misc 24 Jul 1827 retyped as a delinquent tax list; Event-Misc about 1826 (removal to Hempstead County) is now a residence, 1826-1835; Event-Misc 18 Aug 1858 merged into the Court of Claims petition
  • The Red River County residence note "Moved in with cousins of his wife. Possibly the Robbins or Ward relations" (unsourced) replaced by the petition's words
  • The 1840 and 1850 residences are now census events; "Unknown GEDCOM tag" text removed from the 1836 and 1856 property notes; places standardised
  • Name citation: the compiled Arkansas census index (S637) removed from his name; kept on the 1839 residence

Not found

  • The 160 acres of 18 Jun 1836 and the 1856 Sevier County tract in the BLM index on Ancestry; the only patent found is that of 1 Mar 1843
  • A record of his death or burial; no 1860 mortality schedule entry in Falls County
  • A marriage record for him and Lavinia

Leads

  • The Hamilton County, Texas, land "of the Jno. W. Bowers grant" (abstracts 39 and 40) on which Elias and Melvina Roberts were taxed, 1875-1879, may be the headright he claimed in 1858; check the Texas General Land Office file
  • Jesse Ward's estate, Sevier County: his wife's descent from the Ward family (her mother is recorded as Penelope Ward); John and Elizabeth Ward were his neighbours in 1840
  • Jinsey, 12, born Texas about 1838, and George, 8, in his 1850 household
Last change
October 16, 2026 – 01:11:38
Author of last change: daveh
Family with Polly Wilson
himself
1798–1859
Birth: about 1798 — North Carolina, United States
Death: September 1859 — Falls County, Texas, United States
wife
Marriage Marriage — February 4, 1830 — Hempstead County, Arkansas, United States
10 years
son
9 years
son
8 years
daughter
1838–…
Birth: 1838 40 — Red River County, Texas, USA
5 years
son
1842–…
Birth: 1842 44 — Arkansas
Family with Mulvina (Lavina) Shannon
himself
1798–1859
Birth: about 1798 — North Carolina, United States
Death: September 1859 — Falls County, Texas, United States
wife
1826–1909
Birth: October 15, 1826 51 41 — Washington, Hempstead County, Arkansas, United States
Death: between March 6, 1902 and February 10, 1909
Marriage Marriage — about 1850 —
John W Robbins + Mulvina (Lavina) Shannon
wife’s husband
wife
1826–1909
Birth: October 15, 1826 51 41 — Washington, Hempstead County, Arkansas, United States
Death: between March 6, 1902 and February 10, 1909
Marriage Marriage — August 14, 1842 — Sevier County, Arkansas, United States
Elias Roberts + Mulvina (Lavina) Shannon
wife’s husband
1823–1896
Birth: December 25, 1823 43 43 — Tennessee, United States
Death: June 23, 1896 — Hockley, Harris County, Texas, United States
wife
1826–1909
Birth: October 15, 1826 51 41 — Washington, Hempstead County, Arkansas, United States
Death: between March 6, 1902 and February 10, 1909
Marriage Marriage — April 26, 1860 — Blue Ridge, Falls County, Texas, United States
Birth
Citation details: 1850 census, Franklin Township, Sevier, Arkansas; Roll: 30; page 195a (stamped 389); dwelling and family 116; Johnson Bowers, 52. FamilySearch, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M674-SMQ
Petition
Citation details: PETITION TO THE PRESIDENT BY CITIZENS OF MILLER COUNTY 1825 To the President of the United States The Petition of the undersigned Inhabitants of that Part of Miller County, in the Territory of Arkansas, ceded and confirmed to the Choctaw Nation of Indians, by Treaty made with them at Washington City, in the present Year (1825). Respectfully Sheweth.ÔÇö That the tract of Country upon which Your Petitioners reside, was acquired by the United States from the Quapaw Nation of Indians, by Treaty made with them about the Year 1818.5ÔÇöBy which said Treaty, the said tract of Coy became a part of the public Lands of the United States. And that the Legislature of the Territory of Missouri (within which the said tract of country was then situated) included the said tract of Country upon which Your Petitioners now reside, wthin the Civil Jurisdiction of Hempstead County of that Territory, by an Act of the Legislature thereof (which has since been divided and Miller County erected out of the Western part of said County of Hempstead). That about the Year 1819, a part of the same public Lands upon which Your Petitioners now reside, were under the Authority of the United States surveyed into Townships, and subdivided into sections, as far as Ranges 38 or 39 West, and within about eight miles of the present western boundary of Arkansas Territory, as established by Act of Congress, and lately surveyed and marked. That on the 5th January 1819. (see accompanying document) by Authority of an order from the Secretary of War, a few Settlers that were on Red River above Kia-Miche, and on the Arkansas above the Poto, were removed below, and East of those Rivers, to where no prohibition to settling then, or since, existed, and within a few Miles of which point (Kia-Miche on Red River) the public Lands were about that time, or soon afterwards, surveyed into sections, as if to facilitate Settlers in acquiring titles to the Lands they choose to settle, in the usual way provided for by law. That under these encouragements by the Authorities of the Government, there was an immediate and considerable Increase of the settlements at and below Kia Miche, on Red River, upon and near the lands surveyed into sections as aforesaid, most of whch settlements were made with a view to being permanent, and improvements large and valuable. That Your Petitioners became greatly alarmed by a Treaty made with said Choctaw Nation of Indians at Dokes stand, about the year 1820, by which the county upon which Your Petitioners reside (together with other large extents of adjoining Territory) was then ceded to said Indians, ÔÇö But were soon afterwards reconciled by assurances from the President of the United States, received by James Millerovernor of Arkansas, that it was not the view or intention of the General Government, to remove any of the Settlers from the Lands then ceded to said Indians and that the then settled parts of said country so ceded to said Indians would be repurcased from them, which assurances have been by the Delegate in Congress from said Territory, frequently since that time renewed. And under which assurances, Your Petitioners became satisfied, and have continued enlarging their farms and improvements. Your Petitioners further respectfully represent, that from the time of their first settlement where they now reside, Civil Government, and Civil Jurisdiction has been extended to them, and Courts of Law established and held, within the tract of Contry lately ceded and confirmed to said Choctaw Indians by the aforesaid Treaty of the present year (1825) and that under the authority of an Act of Congress (passed in 1824) granting rights of preemption for lands on which to establish permanent seats of Justice of New Counties, a quarter section of land had been selected by the proper commissioners of said County of Miller, and part of the public buildings contracted for. Under which assurances of protection and Civil Government a large number of Settlers (see accompanying Document) have continued to improve enlarge their improvements, plant Orchards, and increase their Stocks, up to the present time, and that now to abandon their plantations, and remove their families and property, is to them ruinous and impossible. Your Petitioners are aware, that the General Government have heretofore remove from Indians lands, Citizens of the United States, who settled upon lands owned at the time of such settlements by Indians, Where the settlement at at the beginning were upon Indian lands, but Your present Petitioners respectfully deny having settled upon Indian lands: They settled upon the public lands of the United States, where settlements were not prohibited by any order of the Government, where part of the public lands were surveyed into sections (a thing never done for Indian purposes) ad where, after the same country was first ceded to the Choctaws, the people have had assurances from the highest Authority, that the settled parts of said Country should be repurchased, and Your Petitioners afforded an opportunity of acquiring titles to their possessions, in the way that the Settlers upon the public lands have usully done, in Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Alabama etc. Yet notwithstanding all the foregoing circumstances and assurances, Your Petitioners are now informed, that the lands they now occupy, are ceded and confirmed to said Choctaw Indians, and that Your Petitioners are shortly to be removed from their farms, without payment or recompense for their improvements, to give Place to Indians !! An Act that wold have no example in any civilized Government, under the same circumstances which these settlements were made. An improved Country of Citizens where they have had the protection of Civil Laws and Civil Government for more than six successive Year, to be ceded by their Government to a Nation of Indians, has, it is believed, No examples. These settlements, not having been commenced upon the lands of the Choctaw Indians, but upon the public Lands of the United States, then surveying for market, still claim the same protection of the same laws and Government, under the faith of which they commenced their settlements. To be forced and driven by our own Government from the farms and improvements we have labored for years to make, for the support of our families, in order to give place to Indians, would under all the circumstances and assurances before mentioned, appear so unjust and unprecedented, and to the Setlers so ruinous, that its enforcement would produce the greatest possible excitement. Your Petitioners therefore respectfully ask of Your Excellency to suspend the survey of the eastern boundary of Territory, lately ceded to said Choctaw Indians, and to suspend the time of giving said Indians possession of said Territory, and cause to be re-purchased from them, the parts of said Territory settled and improved by Citizens of the United States, as aforesaid East of the Kia-Miche on Red River, and of the Poto on Arkansas, where settlements by Citizens has never been prohibited, but approbated and encouraged as before mentioned. As Your Petitioners in duty bound will ever pray Petitioner Names Johnson Bowers
Marriage
Citation details: Johnson Bowers and Polly Wilson, 4 Feb 1830, Hempstead County, p. 155. FamilySearch, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NM1G-9PT
Citation details: Polly Wilson to Johnson Bowers, bill of sale, 4 Feb 1830, Record Book B, pp. 329-330; image group 007713624, image 390. FamilySearch, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B7-P485-4
Residence
Citation details: Petition of W. J. Bowers to the Commissioner of Claims, Falls County, 18 Aug 1858, file 000827
Delinquent tax list
Citation details: 24 Jul 1827, p. 3
Military commission
Property
Citation details: Bureau of Land Management, General Land Office Records; Washington D.C., USA; Federal Land Patents, State Volumes
Lawsuit
Citation details: Edward Johnson Jr. and William S. Johnson v. Johnson Bowers, debt by attachment, October term 1837, p. 131; image group 008624762, image 88. FamilySearch, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C34Y-J97Y-3
Residence
Census
Citation details: Year: 1840; Census Place: Saline, Hempstead, Arkansas; Roll: 18; Page: 169; Family History Library Film: 0002474. FamilySearch, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XHBX-D32
Residence
Citation details: Petition of W. J. Bowers to the Commissioner of Claims, Falls County, 18 Aug 1858, file 000827
Property
Citation details: Wright J Bowers, 1 Mar 1843, Washington land office, Hempstead County; 5th PM, T13S R27W, sec. 13; accession AR1180__.028, document 2455. Ancestry, https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1246/records/1938118
Marriage
Citation details: 1850 census, Franklin Township, Sevier, Arkansas; page 195 (stamped 389); dwelling and family 116. FamilySearch, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M674-SM7
Census
Citation details: 1850 census, Franklin Township, Sevier, Arkansas (indexed as Franklin County); Roll: 30; page 195a (stamped 389); dwelling and family 116; Johnson Bowers, 52. FamilySearch, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M674-SMQ
Property
Citation details: Johnson Bowers and wife Levinia to John E. George, 13 Sep 1852, recorded 13 Jul 1853; image group 007713628, image 395. FamilySearch, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9B7-Y343-Z
Inheritance
Citation details: Johnson Bowers to James Wright Sr., 25 Jan 1853, pp. 113-114; image group 008562587, images 340-341. FamilySearch, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C3QP-3NFC; https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C3QP-3VMF
Court of Claims petition
Citation details: Petition of W. J. Bowers to the Commissioner of Claims, Falls County, 18 Aug 1858, file 000827
Name
Citation details: Wright J Bowers, 1 Mar 1843, Washington land office, Hempstead County; accession AR1180__.028, document 2455. Ancestry, https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1246/records/1938118
Death
Citation details: Petition of W. J. Bowers to the Commissioner of Claims, Falls County, 18 Aug 1858, file 000827